19. LTE Module

• 19.1. Design Documentation
  • 19.1.1. Overview
  • 19.1.2. Design Criteria
    • 19.1.2.1. LTE Model
    • 19.1.2.2. EPC Model
  • 19.1.3. Architecture
    • 19.1.3.1. LTE Model
      • 19.1.3.1.1. UE architecture
      • 19.1.3.1.2. eNB architecture
    • 19.1.3.2. EPC Model
      • 19.1.3.2.1. EPC data plane
      • 19.1.3.2.2. EPC control plane
  • 19.1.4. Channel and Propagation
    • 19.1.4.1. Use of the Buildings model with LTE
    • 19.1.4.2. Fading Model
    • 19.1.4.3. Antennas
  • 19.1.5. PHY
    • 19.1.5.1. Overview
    • 19.1.5.2. Subframe Structure
    • 19.1.5.3. MAC to Channel delay
    • 19.1.5.4. CQI feedback
    • 19.1.5.5. Interference Model
    • 19.1.5.6. LTE Spectrum Model
    • 19.1.5.7. Data PHY Error Model
      • 19.1.5.7.1. MIESM
      • 19.1.5.7.2. BLER Curves
      • 19.1.5.7.3. Integration of the BLER curves in the ns-3 LTE module
    • 19.1.5.8. Control Channels PHY Error Model
      • 19.1.5.8.1. PCFICH + PDCCH Error Model
    • 19.1.5.9. MIMO Model
    • 19.1.5.10. UE PHY Measurements Model
  • 19.1.6. HARQ
  • 19.1.7. MAC
    • 19.1.7.1. Resource Allocation Model
    • 19.1.7.2. Adaptive Modulation and Coding
    • 19.1.7.3. Transport Block model
    • 19.1.7.4. The FemtoForum MAC Scheduler Interface
      • 19.1.7.4.1. Round Robin (RR) Scheduler
      • 19.1.7.4.2. Proportional Fair (PF) Scheduler
      • 19.1.7.4.3. Maximum Throughput (MT) Scheduler
      • 19.1.7.4.4. Throughput to Average (TTA) Scheduler
      • 19.1.7.4.5. Blind Average Throughput Scheduler
      • 19.1.7.4.6. Token Bank Fair Queue Scheduler
      • 19.1.7.4.7. Priority Set Scheduler
      • 19.1.7.4.8. Channel and QoS Aware Scheduler
    • 19.1.7.5. Random Access
  • 19.1.8. RLC
    • 19.1.8.1. Overview
    • 19.1.8.2. Service Interfaces
      • 19.1.8.2.1. RLC Service Interface
        • 19.1.8.2.1.1. RLC Service Primitives
      • 19.1.8.2.2. MAC Service Interface
        • 19.1.8.2.2.1. MAC Service Primitives
    • 19.1.8.3. AM RLC
      • 19.1.8.3.1. Buffers for the transmit operations
      • 19.1.8.3.2. Transmit operations in downlink
      • 19.1.8.3.3. Retransmission in downlink
      • 19.1.8.3.4. Transmit operations in uplink
      • 19.1.8.3.5. Retransmission in uplink
      • 19.1.8.3.6. Calculation of the buffer size
      • 19.1.8.3.7. Concatenation and Segmentation
      • 19.1.8.3.8. Re-segmentation
      • 19.1.8.3.9. Unsupported features
    • 19.1.8.4. UM RLC
      • 19.1.8.4.1. Transmit operations in downlink
      • 19.1.8.4.2. Transmit operations in uplink
      • 19.1.8.4.3. Calculation of the buffer size
    • 19.1.8.5. TM RLC
      • 19.1.8.5.1. Transmit operations in downlink
      • 19.1.8.5.2. Transmit operations in uplink
      • 19.1.8.5.3. Calculation of the buffer size
    • 19.1.8.6. SM RLC
  • 19.1.9. PDCP
    • 19.1.9.1. PDCP Model Overview
    • 19.1.9.2. PDCP Service Interface
      • 19.1.9.2.1. PDCP Service Primitives
  • 19.1.10. RRC
    • 19.1.10.1. Features
    • 19.1.10.2. Architecture
    • 19.1.10.3. UE RRC State Machine
    • 19.1.10.4. ENB RRC State Machine
    • 19.1.10.5. Initial Cell Selection
      • 19.1.10.5.1. Cell Search
      • 19.1.10.5.2. Broadcast of System Information
      • 19.1.10.5.3. Cell Selection Evaluation
    • 19.1.10.6. Radio Admission Control
    • 19.1.10.7. Radio Bearer Configuration
    • 19.1.10.8. Radio Link Failure
      • 19.1.10.8.1. RLF detection implementation
      • 19.1.10.8.2. Actions upon RLF
    • 19.1.10.9. UE RRC Measurements Model
      • 19.1.10.9.1. UE RRC measurements support
      • 19.1.10.9.2. Overall design
      • 19.1.10.9.3. Measurement configuration
      • 19.1.10.9.4. Performing measurements
      • 19.1.10.9.5. Measurement reporting triggering
      • 19.1.10.9.6. Measurement reporting
    • 19.1.10.10. Handover
      • 19.1.10.10.1. Handover algorithm
      • 19.1.10.10.2. No-op handover algorithm
      • 19.1.10.10.3. A2-A4-RSRQ handover algorithm
      • 19.1.10.10.4. Strongest cell handover algorithm
    • 19.1.10.11. Neighbour Relation
      • 19.1.10.11.1. Neighbour Relation Table
      • 19.1.10.11.2. Role of ANR in Simulation
    • 19.1.10.12. RRC sequence diagrams
      • 19.1.10.12.1. RRC connection establishment
      • 19.1.10.12.2. RRC connection reconfiguration
    • 19.1.10.13. RRC protocol models
      • 19.1.10.13.1. Ideal RRC protocol model
      • 19.1.10.13.2. Real RRC protocol model
        • 19.1.10.13.2.1. Signaling Radio Bearer model
        • 19.1.10.13.2.2. ASN.1 encoding of RRC IE’s
        • 19.1.10.13.2.3. Asn1Header class - Implementation of base ASN.1 types
        • 19.1.10.13.2.4. RrcAsn1Header : Common IEs
        • 19.1.10.13.2.5. Rrc specific messages/IEs classes
  • 19.1.11. NAS
  • 19.1.12. S1, S5 and S11
    • 19.1.12.1. S1-U and S5 (user plane)
    • 19.1.12.2. S1AP
    • 19.1.12.3. S5 and S11
  • 19.1.13. X2
    • 19.1.13.1. X2 interfaces
      • 19.1.13.1.1. X2-C
      • 19.1.13.1.2. X2-U
    • 19.1.13.2. X2 Service Interface
      • 19.1.13.2.1. X2-C primitives for handover execution
      • 19.1.13.2.2. X2-C SON primitives
      • 19.1.13.2.3. Unsupported primitives
  • 19.1.14. S11
  • 19.1.15. Power Control
    • 19.1.15.1. Downlink Power Control
    • 19.1.15.2. Uplink Power Control
      • 19.1.15.2.1. Uplink Power Control for PUSCH
      • 19.1.15.2.2. Uplink Power Control for PUCCH
      • 19.1.15.2.3. Uplink Power Control for SRS
  • 19.1.16. Fractional Frequency Reuse
    • 19.1.16.1. Overview
    • 19.1.16.2. Supported FR algorithms
      • 19.1.16.2.1. No Frequency Reuse
      • 19.1.16.2.2. Hard Frequency Reuse
      • 19.1.16.2.3. Strict Frequency Reuse
      • 19.1.16.2.4. Soft Frequency Reuse
      • 19.1.16.2.5. Soft Fractional Frequency Reuse
      • 19.1.16.2.6. Enhanced Fractional Frequency Reuse
      • 19.1.16.2.7. Distributed Fractional Frequency Reuse
  • 19.1.17. Carrier Aggregation
    • 19.1.17.1. Overview
      • 19.1.17.1.1. Impact on RRC layer
      • 19.1.17.1.2. Impact on PDCP layer
      • 19.1.17.1.3. Impact on RLC layer
      • 19.1.17.1.4. Impact on MAC layer
      • 19.1.17.1.5. Impact on PHY layer
    • 19.1.17.2. Code Structure Design
      • 19.1.17.2.1. CA impact on data plane of eNodeB
      • 19.1.17.2.2. CA impact on control plane of eNodeB
      • 19.1.17.2.3. CA impact on data plane of UE
      • 19.1.17.2.4. CA impact on control plane of UE
      • 19.1.17.2.5. CCM RRC MAC interfaces
      • 19.1.17.2.6. CCM RRC SAP interfaces
      • 19.1.17.2.7. Component carrier managers
  • 19.1.18. Helpers
• 19.2. User Documentation
  • 19.2.1. Background
  • 19.2.2. Usage Overview
  • 19.2.3. Basic simulation program
  • 19.2.4. Configuration of LTE model parameters
  • 19.2.5. Configure LTE MAC Scheduler
  • 19.2.6. Simulation Output
  • 19.2.7. Fading Trace Usage
    • 19.2.7.1. Fading Traces Generation
    • 19.2.7.2. Fading Traces Usage
  • 19.2.8. Mobility Model with Buildings
  • 19.2.9. PHY Error Model
  • 19.2.10. MIMO Model
  • 19.2.11. Use of AntennaModel
  • 19.2.12. Radio Environment Maps
  • 19.2.13. AMC Model and CQI Calculation
  • 19.2.14. Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
  • 19.2.15. Using the EPC with emulation mode
  • 19.2.16. Custom Backhaul
  • 19.2.17. Network Attachment
    • 19.2.17.1. Manual attachment
    • 19.2.17.2. Automatic attachment using Idle mode cell selection procedure
    • 19.2.17.3. Closed Subscriber Group
  • 19.2.18. Configure UE measurements
  • 19.2.19. X2-based handover
    • 19.2.19.1. Manual handover trigger
    • 19.2.19.2. Automatic handover trigger
    • 19.2.19.3. Tuning simulation with handover
    • 19.2.19.4. Handover traces
  • 19.2.20. Frequency Reuse Algorithms
    • 19.2.20.1. Manual configuration
      • 19.2.20.1.1. Hard Frequency Reuse Algorithm
      • 19.2.20.1.2. Strict Frequency Reuse Algorithm
      • 19.2.20.1.3. Soft Frequency Reuse Algorithm
      • 19.2.20.1.4. Soft Fractional Frequency Reuse Algorithm
      • 19.2.20.1.5. Enhanced Fractional Frequency Reuse Algorithm
      • 19.2.20.1.6. Distributed Fractional Frequency Reuse Algorithm
    • 19.2.20.2. Automatic configuration
  • 19.2.21. Uplink Power Control
  • 19.2.22. Examples Programs
  • 19.2.23. Reference scenarios
    • 19.2.23.1. Handover simulation campaign
    • 19.2.23.2. Frequency Reuse examples
  • 19.2.24. Carrier aggregation examples
  • 19.2.25. Radio link failure example
  • 19.2.26. Troubleshooting and debugging tips
• 19.3. Testing Documentation
  • 19.3.1. Overview
  • 19.3.2. Description of the test suites
    • 19.3.2.1. Unit Tests
      • 19.3.2.1.1. SINR calculation in the Downlink
      • 19.3.2.1.2. SINR calculation in the Uplink
      • 19.3.2.1.3. E-UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (EARFCN)
    • 19.3.2.2. System Tests
      • 19.3.2.2.1. Dedicated Bearer Deactivation Tests
      • 19.3.2.2.2. Adaptive Modulation and Coding Tests
      • 19.3.2.2.3. Inter-cell Interference Tests
      • 19.3.2.2.4. UE Measurements Tests
      • 19.3.2.2.5. UE measurement configuration tests
        • 19.3.2.2.5.1. Piecewise configuration
        • 19.3.2.2.5.2. Handover configuration
      • 19.3.2.2.6. Round Robin scheduler performance
      • 19.3.2.2.7. Proportional Fair scheduler performance
      • 19.3.2.2.8. Maximum Throughput scheduler performance
      • 19.3.2.2.9. Throughput to Average scheduler performance
      • 19.3.2.2.10. Blind Average Throughput scheduler performance
      • 19.3.2.2.11. Token Band Fair Queue scheduler performance
      • 19.3.2.2.12. Priority Set scheduler performance
      • 19.3.2.2.13. Channel and QoS aware scheduler performance
      • 19.3.2.2.14. Building Propagation Loss Model
      • 19.3.2.2.15. Physical Error Model
      • 19.3.2.2.16. HARQ Model
      • 19.3.2.2.17. MIMO Model
      • 19.3.2.2.18. Antenna Model integration
      • 19.3.2.2.19. RLC
      • 19.3.2.2.20. RRC
      • 19.3.2.2.21. Initial cell selection
      • 19.3.2.2.22. Secondary cell selection
      • 19.3.2.2.23. Handover with multiple component carriers
      • 19.3.2.2.24. GTP-U protocol
      • 19.3.2.2.25. S1-U interface
      • 19.3.2.2.26. TFT classifier
      • 19.3.2.2.27. End-to-end LTE-EPC data plane functionality
      • 19.3.2.2.28. X2 handover
      • 19.3.2.2.29. Automatic X2 handover
      • 19.3.2.2.30. Handover delays
      • 19.3.2.2.31. Handover failure
      • 19.3.2.2.32. Selection of target cell in handover algorithm
      • 19.3.2.2.33. Downlink Power Control
      • 19.3.2.2.34. Uplink Power Control Tests
      • 19.3.2.2.35. Frequency Reuse Algorithms
      • 19.3.2.2.36. Inter-cell Interference with FR algorithms Tests
      • 19.3.2.2.37. Carrier aggregation test
      • 19.3.2.2.38. Carrier aggregation test for eNB and UE configuration
      • 19.3.2.2.39. Radio link failure Test
        • 19.3.2.2.39.1. One eNB using Ideal and Real RRC
        • 19.3.2.2.39.2. Two eNBs using Ideal and Real RRC
• 19.4. Profiling Documentation
  • 19.4.1. Overview and objectives
  • 19.4.2. Framework description
    • 19.4.2.1. Simulation scripts
      • 19.4.2.1.1. Simulation input parameters
    • 19.4.2.2. Time measurement
    • 19.4.2.3. Perl script
      • 19.4.2.3.1. Requirements
      • 19.4.2.3.2. Plotting results
    • 19.4.2.4. Reference software and equipment
  • 19.4.3. Results
    • 19.4.3.1. E-UTRAN
      • 19.4.3.1.1. Running time
      • 19.4.3.1.2. Propagation model
      • 19.4.3.1.3. Simulation time
      • 19.4.3.1.4. Memory usage
    • 19.4.3.2. EPC
      • 19.4.3.2.1. Running time
      • 19.4.3.2.2. Simulation time
• 19.5. References